Botox
Botox is a toxin produced by a bacteria called Botulinum. Botox has
been used for over 15 years to treat variety of medical conditions. The
wrinkles caused by overactive facial muscles and repetitive facial
expressions are called dynamic wrinkles. They include frown lines,
crow’s feet, forehead wrinkles and lip wrinkles. Botox can dramatically
improve and often eliminate those wrinkles. Dr. Marcovici uses the
smallest available needle in the market called the "Gucci Needles." Most
people experience no pain whatsoever; and some may experience brief mild
discomfort as they are being injected. You should not be treated with
Botox® Cosmetic if you have an infection at the proposed injection site.
Patients with certain neurological disorders such as ALS, myasthenia
gravis, or LAMBERT-EATON syndrome may be at an increased risk of serious
side effects.
Botox injections can successfully reduce those wrinkles Face:
1. Frown lines
2. Crow’s feet
3. Forehead creases
4. Brow shaping (Botox injections can be used to alter the shape of the
eyebrows to create a more aesthetically pleasing appearance)
5. Brow elevation (lift)
6. Correction of eyebrow asymmetry (to elevate the lower eyebrow to the
same level as the higher eyebrow)
7. Elevation of the corners of the mouth
8. Upper/lower lip creases
9. Marionette lines, “drool grooves”
Neck Rejuvenation: Vertical neckbands (turkey neck)
Chest Rejuvenation: Women may exhibit wrinkling of the central
mid chest (décolleté) Hyperhidrosis (Excessive Sweating): Botox
injections have proven to be very useful in diminishing excessive
sweating (hyperhidrosis). Hyperhidrosis is a common and extremely
distressing condition with a prevalence of 2.8% of the population. For
those affected, the condition is debilitating with serious impairment in
activities of daily living, social interaction, and occupational
activities. It is divided into primary or idiopathic hyperhidrosis, which is usually focal and limited to axilla, palms, soles and face, and
secondary hyperhidrosis which can be local or generalized affecting the
entire body. Secondary hyperhidrosis is due to a variety of causes
including underlying medical conditions, drugs, or exaggerated
physiological responses to heat, humidity, or exercise. Diagnosis: The
most common type is primary idiopathic hyperhidrosis; however, it is
critical to be aware of the secondary causes when evaluating a patient
with excessive sweating.
Primary hyperhidrosis is defined as focal visible excessive sweating or
at least 6 months duration without apparent cause and associated with at
least two of the following characteristics:
• Bilateral and relatively symmetrical
• Impairs daily activities
• Frequency of at least one episode per week
• Age of onset less then 25 years
• Positive family history
• Cessation of focal sweating during sleep
Treatment Topical treatment: It works only in mild cases of
focal hyperhidrosis, aluminum chloride hexahydrate is the most effective
topical agent.
Oral treatment: Anticholinergic drugs are the most effective oral
treatment. Because the side effects associated with their use (dry
mouth, blurred vision, constipation, urinary retention and palpitations)
they are generally not tolerable by most patients.
Surgical treatment: They include curettage or liposuction to remove
glandular sweat tissue, excision of the axillary vault to remove sweat
glands, and sympathectomy. Surgical treatments are generally reserved
for patients who fail to respond to other noninvasive modalities.
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