STD Prevention & Treatment

Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) or Cervical Dysplasia is the abnormal growth of the epithelial tissue on the surface of the cervix (or the mouth of the womb) with potential to progress to cancer. It refers to a spectrum of changes called as: CIN I -- mild dysplasia; CIN II -- moderate to marked dysplasia; and CIN III -- severe dysplasia / carcinoma-in-situ (cancer localized to the intraepithelial tissue/superficial layer of the cervix that is 100% curable).

CIN is associated with sexually transmitted diseases, especially the presence of High Risk Types of Human Papilloma Viruses (HPV) , increased risk is associated with: multiple sexual partners, early onset of sexual activity (at less than age 18), early childbearing (at less than age 16), past medical history of DES exposure , or HIV infection. There are usually no symptoms and the pelvic examination is usually normal.

The Pap smear, done usually at the annual examination, is extremely helpful in identifying mild, moderate, or severe dysplasia. Next, a more advanced test as a colposcopy is required to confirm the presence and the severity of dysplasia.

The treatment of cervical dysplasia depends on the degree of dysplasia. Treatments range from careful observation with repeat Pap smears every 3 to 6 months for mild dysplasia (which may regress on its own), to methods used to eradicate the abnormal tissue, including: electrocauterization, cryosurgery, laser vaporization, or surgical removal.

Always ask for your Pap smear result. With early identification, adequate evaluation; treatment; and careful, consistent, follow-up; nearly all cervical dysplasia can be cured. Without treatment, many cases of cervical dysplasia may progress to invasive cancer.

Deferring sexual activity until age 18 or older, practicing monogamy, and safer sex behaviors all reduce the potential of developing cervical dysplasia.

Today, vaccination with Gardasil may add protection from a few HPV viruses that are known to be causing genital warts and cervical cancer.

Call Advanced OB/GYN Care at (860) 409-1933
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